Winter driving conditions can turn treacherous in an instant. Snow, ice, poor visibility and extreme cold can disable a vehicle or make roads impassable.

Even on a relatively short trip, drivers can find themselves stranded for several hours. It’s important to plan ahead for the conditions and situations that can arise as winter conditions develop.

“With snow falling, temperatures dropping and traffic building stay off the roads if you are able,” said State Farm Spokesman Justin Tomczak.

The insurance company makes the following recommendations:

• Never warm a vehicle in a closed garage;

• Keep gas tanks at least half full to prevent gas line freeze-up;

• Make sure exhaust pipes are not clogged with mud or snow;

• Don’t use cruise control on icy roads;

• Allow more time for braking when visibility is poor; and

• Stay calm if you start to skid.

Carry emergency supplies

In addition to the just-in-case items drivers should always have in your vehicle, such as jumper cables (and learn how to jump-start your car safely,) tire-changing tools, flashlight, and first aid kit, be sure to include these winter essentials:

• Small folding shovel;

• Tow and tire chains;

• Basic tool kit;

• Bag of road salt or cat litter;

• Windshield wiper fluid;

• Antifreeze; and

• Warning flares.

Pack a survival kit

In case you’re marooned in your vehicle, you will want to keep a small survival kit on hand. Some useful items include:

• Compass;

• Ice scraper and brush;

• Wooden matches;

• High-energy, non-perishable food;

• Drinking water;

• Cell phone charger; and

• Blankets and warm clothing.

Stay calm if stranded

If a winter storm strands you with your vehicle, follow these tips:

• Pull off the highway, if possible, turn on your hazard lights or light flares, and hang a distress flag from an antenna or window;

• Call 911 if you have a phone and describe your location as precisely as possible;

• Remain in your vehicle so help can find you;

• Run your vehicle’s engine and heater about 10 minutes each hour to keep warm. Open a downwind window slightly for ventilation and clear snow from the exhaust pipe to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning;

• Exercise a little to maintain body heat, but avoid overexertion and sweating;

• Drink fluids to avoid dehydration;

• Conserve your vehicle’s battery. Use lights, heat, and radio sparingly; and

• At night, turn on an inside light when you run the engine so help can see you.

Prepare your vehicle for winter

The best time to get ready for winter is before the first storm of the season. Some items to check include:

• Hoses and fan belts;

• Spark plugs;

• Antifreeze and windshield wiper fluid levels;

• Battery strength;

• Tire pressure and tread life;

• Air, fuel, and emission filters; and

• Spare tire and jack.